CIRCULAR TUNNEL STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS IN SOFT GROUND

Analytical bedded-beam spring model is most commonly adopted in the tunnel engineering practice due to its simplicity and promising outputs. Despite many well documented literatures exist concerning about theories fundamentals of various methods, there a dearth information on modelling framework details are often overlooked process. The main aim this paper produce soft ground, for both direct indirect approaches considering effects segmental joints. Particular emphasis devoted techniques each components structural which turn, able facilitate quality process practicing engineers. Reviews technical papers tunneling variables as parameters identification analysis have been first performed followed by comparison consideration techniques. Analyses carried out evaluate forces lining obtained results discussed with field measurements design values actual projects. suggested that approach always yields greater bending moments up i) 26% 6+1 ring configuration ii) 21% 5+1 compared approach. With presence more number radial joints, differences between tendency be greater. validated models, parametric studies including flexibility ratio, compressibility ratio soil lateral earth pressure coefficient provide better insight relative importance parameters. increase difference has shown from 10% 28%. However, insignificant influence observed axial regardless joint ratio.